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bimodal volcanism
Bimodal volcanism refers to the eruption of both mafic and felsic lavas from a single volcanic centre with little or no lavas of intermediate composition. This type of volcanism is normally associated with areas of extensional tectonics, particularly rifts.
==Occurrence==
Most occurrences of bimodal volcanism are associated with thinning of the crust and the presence of such rocks in metamorphic sequences has been used to provide evidence for past rifting events.〔(Brewer, T.S., Ahall, K-L., Menuge, J.F., Storey, C.D. & Parrish, R.R. 2004. Mesoproterozoic bimodal volcanism in SW Norway, evidence for recurring pre-Sveconorwegian continental margin tectonism, Precambrian Research, 134, 249-273. )〕 Most examples come from areas of active continental rifting such as the Basin and Range province. Bimodal volcanism has also been described from areas of transtension,〔(Till, A.B., Roeske, S.M., Bradley, D.C., Friedman, R. & Layer, P.W. 2007. Early Tertiary transtension-related deformation and magmatism along the Tintina fault system, Alaska, The Geological Society of America Special Paper 434, 233-264 )〕 the early phases of back-arc basin formation〔Fujioka, K., Nishimura, A., Koyama, M., and Kotake, N., 1990. Bimodal arc volcanism and backarc rifting along Izu-Bonin Arc. Eos, 71, 956.〕 and in the products of both continental and oceanic hotspots (e.g. Yellowstone and the Canary Islands).
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